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What Are The Types Of Art? What Is The Difference Between Fine Art And Functional Art?
WHAT IS ART?
Art is a medium through which we express our emotions, intellect and ideas. It is through art that we can communicate to the world our inner feelings and our creativity that only exists in our minds.
Art is related to human activities and products of those activities.
The word art encompasses many meanings including ability, process and product.
It is in the science and art that we strive to weave our experiences into coherent bodies of knowledge and to express them esthetically.
We believe art to be essential in our life.
Art has a concept of meaning hidden or clear.
Art also denotes time periods through its composition and content pandering.
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the product of those activities.
FORMS OF ART
1. VISUAL ART
Visual art communicates to those who are visually responsive to them i.e. to be able to understand the
visible and the hidden meaning. The media, firm, and the subject matter make a change from day to day but
the uniting trends lie in the quest for beauty, truth and other ideas. These intentions may vary:-
1) To create beauty
2) To provide decoration
3) To reveal the truth
4) To immortalize
5) To protest against injustice
6) To express religious values
7) To recall and experience
8) To reflect social and cultural context
9) To sell products
10) To meet the needs of an artist
SCULPTURE - 3D work that depends on the “material” and “techniques” used to create it. Adding {+} is
called “additive” and Subtracting {-} is called “Subtractive”. Up ↑ is the “Relief” work and down ↓ is the
“depressed” work.
1. “Triumph Of Labour” by D.P. Roychowdhury
2. “Santhal Family” by Ramkinker Vaij
3. “Standing Women” by Dhanraj Bhagat
4. “Cries Un-Heard” by Amar Nath Sehgal
5. “Ganesha” by P.V. Jankiram
6. “Figure” by Sankho Chaudhuri
7. “Chatturmukhi” by Aekka Yada Giri Rao
8. “DAVID” (1. Donatello-bronze- 14 th c 4ft.) (2. Michelangelo- marble-15 th c) (3. Bernini-marble- 16 th c Rome) Italian
Renaissance
PAINTING – 2D Work of art. (Shape = 2D and Form = 3D) It includes still life, landscape, abstract, pop art,
etc.
1. “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci
2. “The Birth of Venus” by Sandro Botticelli
3. “Guernica” by Pablo Picasso
4. “The Starry Night” by Vincent van Gogh
5. “The Scream” by Edvard Munch
6. “Girl with a Pearl Earring” by Johannes Vermeer
ARCHITECTURE – These are the environmental sculpture/structure that is created according to the
geography to form a utility. They depict cultural or traditional impacts through different material and
technique.
1. The Taj Mahal in India
2. The Pyramids at Giza in Egypt.
3. The Parthenon, Athens, Greece
4. The temple complex at Khajuraho
5. Stupa at Sanchi
PHOTOGRAPHY
CALLIGRAPHY
DRAWING
DESIGN
WOOD CRAFT
2. PERFORMING ART
It includes the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential e.g. Music,
Theatre, Film, Dance, etc.
3. LITERATURE
The word literature literally means " things made from letters" Literature is commonly classified as having
two major forms—fiction and non-fiction—and two major techniques—poetry and prose.
4. ABSTRACT ART
(Non-representational, non-objective, Naturalistic and Realistic.) It does not depict a person, place or thing i.e. the subject of the work is based on what you see: colour, shape, size, scale, and process.
The three famous art movements Romanticism, Impressionism and Expressionism played a major role in the development of abstract art. Some of the most famous abstract painters of the 19th century were Pablo
Picasso Blue period, Marten Jansen, Vincent Van Gogh, Georges Braques, Camille Corot, J M W Turner, Piet Mondrian, Kadinsky and Modigilani.
1. “Rouen Cathedral in Full Sunlight” CLAUDE MONET 1893/4
2. “Café Terrace at Night” VINCENT VAN GOGH 1888
3. Gauguin, Van Gogh, Seurat, Cézanne Post- Impressionism
4. wassily kandinsky composition iv and vii
FINE ART
1. Timeless Celebrity
2. Experiments to its limits
3. Involve intense thought process and may take long time for completion.
4. Self satisfying and Personal Expression of ideas, feelings, and emotions.
5. Single and original piece
6. Elite class majorly
7. Expressive and Expensive
8. Non Sale motive
9. May rise questions
10. Aesthetic vs. monetary value.
11. Patrons and Collectors
12. Experiment to its limits
E.g.:- Self Portrait with Two Circles, oil on canvas, Rembrandt c
o Melencolia I, 1514, Dürer
o Mosaic of Christ Pantocrator from Hagia Sophia.
o The Royal Opera House, London
o Head Ife Terracotta, Nigeria,
FUNCTIONAL Art
1. Time Bound
2. Limited Experimentation
3. Easy, Fast, and Elegant process.
4. Customer’s choice and satisfaction.
5. Mass production.
6. Caters to all classes.
7. Sale motive
8. Direct hit the idea to mind.
9. Need for marketing expertise
10. Pop art as a collaborated effort.
11. Easy, Fast and elegant.
E.g.:- Illustrations (Sketches)
Commercial art Production.
POP ART- Popular art
OP ART –Optical art